Mechanisms of Action

Why Do GIP Receptor Agonists and Antagonists Both Produce Weight Loss in 2026 Obesity Trials?

Both GIP receptor (GIPR) agonism and antagonism reduce body weight in preclinical and early clinical models, a paradox explained by tissue-specific receptor desensitisation, differential central versus peripheral signalling, and the obligate co-presence of GLP-1 receptor activity in every trial where antagonism has shown efficacy. Neither pharmacological direction acts on GIPR in isolation.